JSA – What Is Piping

A Job Safety Analysis is a process to integrate the health and safety principles into a particular job operation. In a job safety analysis (JSA), potential hazards for a specific job is identified before they occur and the safest way to perform the job is recommended. Such procedures reduce the risk of injury to the working professionals and ensures that the work place is compliant with safety regulations. Job safety analysis is also known as job hazard analysis (JHA) or job hazard breakdown and an important step towards the employee safety. Advantages of Job Safety Analysis The main purpose behind job safety analysis are: Job-oriented risk assessment.Identification and evaluation of hazards beforehand help in controlling the risk.Control of incidents and thus minimization of loss.Standardization through creating procedures and work instructions.Ensuring safe working methods consistently.Compliance with regulatory requirements (OSHA requirements)Getting organized for doing the job right and efficiently.Improving the work safety culture of the company.Documentation of Job safety analysis fulfills audit requirements.Increased productivity in absence of major hazards.Improved quality of work.Better planning in job execution and overall increase morale and profit. Jobs requiring Job Safety Analysis Job safety analysis is very important for all industries that face safety issues frequently. Typical industries that must include job safety analysis in their work culture are Oil and gas, construction, mining, power industries, electrical, etc. Working professionals from such industries should be constantly vigilant of potential hazard scenarios in the workplace. Even though all kind of jobs irrespective of their type should be included for job safety analysis, companies can prepare a priority list as follows: All jobs with the potential to cause fatality.All jobs with the highest injury rates/ Fire and explosion incidents.All jobs where human error can lead to severe accidents, fires, or explosions.Jobs for which no prior work experience is present.Jobs of complex nature.Hot works inside the battery limit of operating plants.The major modification works.Jobs that include health and ergonomic issues. Job safety analysis can be excluded only for routine non-critical jobs without the potential to hazard development. Normally, Sectional Head / Area in-charge/ Plant Engineers/ or Managers will be responsible to carry out Job Safety Analysis of all activities in respective units. The management of any organization must demonstrate its commitment to safety and health for a job hazard analysis to be effective and should take necessary steps to correct identified hazards. Job Safety Analysis team composition The Job Hazard Analysis is normally carried out by forming a team comprising of; Person/Team who do the workA person supervising the jobA person with safety knowledgePerson (Specialist/Consultant) with technical knowledgeArea in-chargeArea maintenance and operation engineer Depending on the complexity of the job, the number of team members can vary. Job Safety Analysis Procedure The Job Safety Analysis Procedure for any job consists of the following 7 steps: Step 1: Select the job for job safety analysis and survey the job based on the site condition.Step 2: Break-down and describe the sequence of job stepsStep 3: Identification and assessment of the potential hazards and risks of each stepStep 4: Description of the recommended safe job procedure against each step. Step 5: Identification of what might go wrong and backup controls.Step 6: Review of the Job safety analysis documentation, approval, and checking compliance at the working site. How to Assess Hazards for Job Safety Analysis To identify hazards for job safety analysis, brainstorming is required for each step of the job. The previous history of similar jobs, employee complaints, etc must be studied. The following questions can be asked for hazard finding: What can go wrong?What could be the possible consequences?How it could happen?What are the contributing factors?What is the probability of the hazard occurring?What safety measures are in place right now? Probable Steps for Hazard Elimination in Job Safety Analysis The following steps are normally followed in job safety analysis for hazard elimination Eliminate the hazard where possibleSubstitute the hazardIsolate the hazardUse of Engineering Controls to prevent the hazardUse of administrative controlsUse of personal protective equipment. Sample Job Safety Analysis Format The image in Fig. 1 presents a sample job safety analysis format for reference purposes. Fig. 1: Job Safety Analysis Sample Format Improvements in Job Safety Analysis The manual method of job safety analysis costs the time from ongoing projects. So a balance for safety with less time must be achieved by improving the efficiency of the job safety analysis process. A number of steps as mentioned below can be considered for improvement: Standardization of the process by organising the required steps.Digitization of the job safety analysis process. In recent times various software applications are available for performing job safety analysis. Online Safety Courses To explore more about safety, the following online courses will help you. Kindly the click on the subject, review the course and then enroll for it if interested: OSHA Safety Training: Conducting Safety MeetingsOSHA Workplace Safety (General Industry 6 Hr Class)OSHA Safety Pro: Personal Protective EquipmentISO 45001. Occupational Health & Safety management systemComplete Health and Safety Auditor Course. OHSAS 18001.Process Safety Management, Standard-Based Approach References and Further Studies Detailed guidelines for job safety analysis procedure and steps can be found by accessing the following pdf document by OSHA: osha3071.pdf