Pipes are defined as circular tubular products used for conveying fluids (liquids, gases, and fluidized solids). Pipes are designed for a particular design pressure corresponding to design...

This document covers the requirements for the determination of design pressure and design temperature of the equipment like pressure vessels and piping that are used in petroleum refineries,...

Aluminum and Stainless steel are two widely used materials in various industries. Wherever lightweight is a requirement, aluminum seems to be a good metallic option. Stainless steel is widely used as...

A water pipe can be defined as any pipe that is used to transport water. The applications of piping systems are very vast from the power industry to the process industry, utility services, and so on....

What is a Process Flow Diagram? A Process Flow Diagram (PFD) is a simplified diagram that shows the process flow of a manufacturing process in proper sequence. This diagram should consist of every...

Pipe Flushing is a pre-commissioning activity. Piping and pipeline systems are flushed before commissioning the line or put into action. Pipeline or Pipe Flushing can be defined as the activity where...