Thrust Block Design | Working of a Thrust Block in Pipelines (With PDF)
A thrust block is a concrete pipe restraint that prevents the mainline from moving by transferring pipe loads (mainly due to pressure thrust) to a wider load-bearing surface. Usually, thrust blocks...
Bolts and Screws are two unique mechanical fasteners used to hold two or more components together. Many believe that bolt and screw refer to the same fastening hardware as they look similar and...
What is Metal Fatigue? Types, Identification, Determination of Metal Fatigue (With PDF)
Metal Fatigue Definition The unexpected failure of metallic components by progressive fracturing while in operating condition is known as metal fatigue. Local overstressing of a component...
Wastewater Treatment: Definition, Process Steps, Design Considerations, Plant Types (With PDF)
Wastewater treatment is a process to treat sewage or wastewater to remove suspended solid contaminants and convert them into effluent that can be discharged back to the environment with acceptable...
Heat Affected Zone (HAZ): Definition, Causes, Effects, Color Bands, Reduction (With PDF)
The heat-affected zone (HAZ) is an area generated when a metal is subjected to very high temperatures (Example: Welding, Mechanical Cutting, Laser Cutting, Plasma Cutting, etc). This is the...
Brittle Fracture and Ductile Fracture: Definition, Mechanism, Differences (With PDF)
A fracture can be defined as the separation of the material into two or more parts. Failure of material can involve any of the two mechanisms; ductile fracture or brittle fracture. Both these...
