Corrosion can be defined as the deterioration of materials under the influence of an environment. Without exception, the corrosion of metals and alloys (a majority of materials used in industry) in...
Category: Piping Interface
What is Conductivity? Conductivity is the ability of a material to transfer an electric charge from one point to another. To transfer current, charged particles must be present in the solution. It...
What is Micro Tunneling? Micro Tunneling (M/T) is a process that uses a remotely controlled Micro Tunnel Boring Machine (MTBM) combined with the pipe jacking technique to directly install product...
What is a Restriction Orifice (RO)? Its Applications, Types, Working, and Sizing
What is a Restriction Orifice (RO)? Restriction orifice or RO, in short, is a flow control instrument device whose primary function is to provide a restriction to the flow so that a controlled or...
Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: Sources, Signs & Symptoms, Prevention
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless toxic gas that exists in minute concentrations in the atmosphere, typically less than 0.001%. Despite its seemingly benign presence,...
Christmas Tree and Wellhead: Function, Components, Difference, Design Codes
What is a Christmas Tree? In petroleum and natural gas extraction, a Christmas tree, or "tree", is an assembly of a multi-valved structure consisting of valves, spools, and fittings used to...