Christmas Tree and Wellhead: Function, Components, Difference, Design Codes
What is a Christmas Tree?In petroleum and natural gas extraction, a Christmas tree, or "tree", is an assembly of a multi-valved structure consisting of valves, spools, and fittings used to...
Damaging effects of Low-Velocity Flow In Piping And Pipelines
Is Low-Velocity Flow Bad?Many of you are aware that high velocities in piping and pipelines lead to many operational and maintenance issues like vibration, noise, pipe material erosion, and a...
Offshore pipelines are the center stage of the subsea transportation system. Any offshore oil and gas projects constitute a long length of offshore pipelines. These are also known as sub-sea...
What is Hot Tapping?Hot Tap or Hot Tapping is a proprietary method for adding a branch connection to a “hot” or operating line. A proprietary device, to be used in conjunction with a...
Line sizing by the Process department is one of the most important and critical activities for any project. Line size is determined with proper sizing calculations considering various parameters....
Pipeline leaks are a serious threat to safety as it can cause loss and damage to life, property, environment, reputation, and obviously finance. So every plant should install a useful Pipeline leak...
