In the last article on PVC piping, we discussed PVC pipes and fittings; their applications, manufacturing, standards, and supporting. You can refer to that article by clicking here. We all know that PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) pipes are widely used for various plumbing, irrigation, and construction applications due to their durability, versatility, and affordability. One crucial aspect to understand when working with PVC pipes is their sizing system. In this article, we will explore PVC pipe sizes, their dimensional charts, and their applications.
The Nominal Outside Diameter (OD) System
PVC pipe sizes are commonly referred to by their nominal outside diameter (OD). The nominal OD refers to the approximate external measurement of the pipe, and it is used as a standard identification for PVC pipes. However, it is important to note that the actual inside diameter (ID) of PVC pipes will vary depending on the wall thickness, commonly referred to as the “schedule”.
PVC Pipe Schedule
In addition to the nominal outside diameter, PVC pipes are also identified by their schedule, which indicates the wall thickness of the pipe. The schedule is denoted by the abbreviation “SCH” followed by a number. There are three main categories of schedules that are used for PVC piping: SCH 40, SCH80, and SCH 120.
The higher the schedule number, the thicker the pipe wall and the higher the pressure the pipe can withstand. For most general-purpose applications, SCH 40 PVC pipes are commonly used due to their balance between strength and cost-effectiveness. SCH 80 pipes are typically used in applications where higher pressure resistance is required. For extremely high pressures, SCH 120 PVC pipes can be used.
PVC Piping Dimension Charts
PVC Piping Dimensions for all the three above-mentioned schedule categories are mentioned below in a tabular format.
SCH 40 PVC Pipe Sizes
The general color for schedule 40 PVC pipes are white or silver even though other colors are also found. SCH 40 PVC pipes are thinner as compared to SCH 80 and SCH 120 pipes. Because of these, they have larger ID which allows fluids to pass faster as compared to other pipe schedules.
Schedule 40 pipes are usually used for plumbing systems, irrigation systems, drainage around buildings, ventilation systems, pool and spa systems, DIY projects, and for gas and water lines. The pressure rating for this pipe schedule is 120 to 810 pounds per second inch (PSI). The sizes of SCH 40 PVC pipes are provided below:
Nominal Pipe Size (Inches)
Outside Diameter (OD)
Min. Wall Thickness
Inside Diameter (ID)
Linear Weight Density (Wt. / Ft.)
Working Pressure (PSI)
1/8
0.405
0.068
0.249
0.051
810
1/4
0.540
0.086
0.344
0.086
780
3/8
0.675
0.091
0.473
0.115
620
1/2
0.840
0.109
0.602
0.170
600
3/4
1.050
0.113
0.804
0.226
480
1
1.315
0.133
1.029
0.333
450
1 1/4
1.660
0.140
1.360
0.450
370
1 1/2
1.900
0.145
1.590
0.537
330
2
2.375
0.154
2.047
0.720
280
2 1/2
2.875
0.203
2.445
1.136
300
3
3.500
0.216
3.042
1.488
260
3 1/2
4.000
0.226
3.521
1.789
240
4
4.500
0.237
3.998
2.118
220
5
5.563
0.258
5.016
2.874
190
6
6.625
0.280
6.031
3.733
180
8
8.625
0.322
7.942
5.619
160
10
10.750
0.365
9.976
7.966
140
12
12.750
0.406
11.889
10.534
130
14
14.000
0.437
13.073
12.462
130
16
16.000
0.500
14.940
16.286
130
18
18.000
0.562
16.809
20.587
130
20
20.000
0.593
18.743
24.183
120
24
24.000
0.687
22.544
33.652
120
Table 1: Sch 40 PVC Pipe Dimensions
SCH 80 PVC Pipe Sizes
SCH 80 PVC pipes are generally dark gray in color even though may vary. These pipes are thicker and stronger than SCH 40 PVC pipes and can handle higher pressures ranging from 210 to 1230 PSI. SCH 80 PVC pipes can be found in chemical processing, industrial plating, deionized water lines, and wastewater treatment management systems. Because of its larger thickness, its ID will be lower. The dimensions for SCH 80 PVC pipes are given below:
Schedule 120 pipes are the thickest available PVC pipes on the market. They are usually used for non-corrosive or general corrosive projects with less reactive ingredients. Common applications include the automotive and construction industries. The working pressure range for SCH 120 PVC pipes is generally from 380 to 1,010 PSI. The dimensions of SCH 120 PVC Pipes are charted below:
Understanding PVC pipe sizes is essential for successful plumbing, irrigation, and construction projects. By grasping the concept of nominal inside diameter, the significance of pipe schedules, and their corresponding dimensions, you can confidently select the right PVC pipe size for your specific needs. Whether it’s a residential plumbing project or a large-scale industrial application, PVC pipes offer a reliable and cost-effective solution. Remember to consult industry standards and seek professional guidance for accurate sizing and installation practices to ensure long-lasting performance.
I am a Mechanical Engineer turned into a Piping Engineer. Currently, I work in a reputed MNC as a Senior Piping Stress Engineer. I am very much passionate about blogging and always tried to do unique things. This website is my first venture into the world of blogging with the aim of connecting with other piping engineers around the world.
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what about PVC piping stress analysis (example in CaesarII)?
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what about PVC piping stress analysis (example in CaesarII)?