Introduction to EOT CRANES & HOISTS

EOT (Electric Overhead Traveling) Cranes and Hoist are industrial machines that are mainly used for materials movements in construction sites, production halls, assembly lines, storage areas, power stations, and similar places.

Types of Cranes

Single girder cranes (Fig. 1A) – The crane consists of a single bridge girder supported on two end trucks. It has a trolley hoist mechanism that runs on the bottom flange of the bridge girder.

Double Girder Bridge Cranes (Fig. 1B) – The crane consists of two bridge girders supported on two end trucks. The trolley runs on rails on the top of the bridge girders.

Selection of Cranes

Which Crane should you choose – Single Girder or Double Girder

Generally, if the crane is more than 15 tons or the span is more than 30m, a double girder crane is a better solution.

Components of Cranes (Fig. 2)

Essential Parameters for Specifying EOT Cranes (Fig. 3)

Codes and Standards for EOT Cranes

Electric Overhead Traveling cranes shall conform in design, materials, construction, and performance with the current issue of the following specifications, codes, and standards.

• CMAA 70 Specification for Top Running Bridge & Gantry Type Multiple Girder Electric Overhead Traveling Cranes
• AGMA American Gear Manufacturer’s Association
• ASME HST-4 Performance Standard for Overhead Electric Wire Rope Hoists
• ASME Y 14.1 Decimal Inch Drawing Sheet Size and Format
• ASME B18.2.2 Square and Hex Nuts
• ASME B30.2 Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist)
• ASME B30.10 Hooks
• AWS D14.1 American Welding Society – Specification for Welding of Industrial and Mill Cranes
• HMI 100-74 Hoist Manufacturer’s Institute – Specification for Electric Wire Rope Hoists
• NEC 610-14 Determining Amperage Requirements for Cranes and Hoists
• NEMA ICS 8 Industrial Control and Systems – Crane and Hoist Controllers
• NFPA70 National Electrical Code
• OSHA Occupational Safety & Health Administration
• IBC International Building Code (This will eventually replace UBC)
• UBC Uniform Building Code

Control Equipment (Fig. 4) for EOT Cranes

HOISTS (Fig. 5)

A hoist is a device used for lifting or lowering a load by means of a drum or lift wheel around which a rope or chain wraps.

Hoist Selection Factors

• The weight of the load to be lifted includes below-the-hook lifting, load-supporting, and positioning devices.
• The physical size of the load.
• Clearance Considerations
• Lifting Speed Considerations
• Hoist duty

Hoisting Equipment

• Sheaves
• Hook Assembly
• Gear Assembly
• Rope Drum
• Ropes

Hoist Standards

• ASME-HST-1 Performance Standard for Electric Chain Hoists
• ASME-HST-2 Performance Standard for Hand Chain Manually Operated Chain Hoists
• ASME-HST-3 Performance Standard for Manually Lever Operated Chain Hoists
• ASME-HST-4 Performance Standard for Overhead Electric Wire Rope Hoists
• ASME-HST-5 Performance Standard for Air Chain Hoists
• ASME-HST-6 Performance Standard for Air Wire Rope Hoists
• ASME-B30.7 Safety Standard for Base Mounted Drum Hoists
• ASME-B30.16 Safety Standard for Overhead Hoists (Underhung)
• ASME-B30.21 Safety Standard Manually Lever-Operated Hoists
• OSHA (Parts 1910 and 1926) adopts or invokes the American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Few more resources of your interest..

Piping Design and Layout
Piping Interface
Piping Stress Analysis
Piping Materials